Key Insights
The torpedo market, valued at approximately $X billion in 2025 (assuming a reasonable market size based on industry reports and a 4%+ CAGR), is projected to experience robust growth through 2033. This expansion is driven by several key factors, including escalating geopolitical tensions leading to increased military spending on naval warfare capabilities, the modernization of existing naval fleets worldwide, and the development of sophisticated, next-generation torpedo systems with enhanced capabilities such as improved guidance systems, longer ranges, and countermeasure resistance. The market segmentation reveals a strong demand for both heavyweight and lightweight torpedoes, tailored to different mission requirements and platforms. Sea-launched torpedoes currently dominate the market share, but advancements in air-launched and underwater-launched systems are gradually increasing their presence, driven by operational flexibility and strategic advantages. Competitive dynamics are intense, with major players like Raytheon Technologies, Lockheed Martin, and Saab vying for market dominance through technological innovation and strategic partnerships. Geographic distribution showcases strong demand from North America and Europe, but the Asia-Pacific region is anticipated to witness the fastest growth, fueled by increasing military investments and regional security concerns.
The restraints on market growth primarily involve the high cost of research and development, stringent regulatory approvals for advanced weaponry, and the complexities inherent in torpedo system integration within naval platforms. However, the long-term outlook for the torpedo market remains positive, fueled by ongoing technological advancements, increased defense budgets globally, and the continuous need for effective anti-submarine warfare capabilities. The focus is shifting towards autonomous and unmanned systems, further boosting the market's dynamism and future growth trajectory. Companies are actively investing in developing more effective countermeasures to thwart enemy defenses, leading to a continuous cycle of technological advancements and market expansion.

Torpedo Industry Market Report: 2019-2033 Forecast
This comprehensive report provides an in-depth analysis of the global torpedo industry, projecting a market value of USD xx Million by 2033. It covers key market segments, leading players, emerging technologies, and crucial industry trends shaping the future of this critical defense sector. The study period spans 2019-2033, with 2025 as the base and estimated year. This report is indispensable for industry stakeholders, investors, and researchers seeking actionable insights into this dynamic market.
Torpedo Industry Market Concentration & Dynamics
The global torpedo market exhibits a moderately concentrated structure, dominated by a handful of major players including Raytheon Technologies Corporation, Leonardo SpA, Lockheed Martin Corporation, and Naval Group. These companies collectively hold an estimated xx% market share. Innovation within the industry is driven by advancements in propulsion systems, guidance technology, and countermeasures. Stringent regulatory frameworks and export controls significantly influence market dynamics. Substitute products, primarily focusing on alternative anti-submarine warfare tactics, pose limited competitive threat. End-user trends, largely dictated by naval modernization programs globally, play a critical role. M&A activity has been relatively modest in recent years, with approximately xx deals recorded during the historical period (2019-2024), indicating a stable but not highly consolidated landscape.
Torpedo Industry Industry Insights & Trends
The global torpedo market experienced a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of xx% during the historical period (2019-2024), reaching a market size of USD xx Million in 2024. Growth is primarily driven by increasing defense budgets globally, particularly in regions experiencing geopolitical instability. Technological advancements, such as the integration of advanced sensors and autonomous capabilities, are pushing the market forward. Furthermore, the growing demand for sophisticated anti-submarine warfare (ASW) capabilities is fueling market expansion. The market is also witnessing an increase in the demand for lightweight torpedoes due to their increased adaptability and usage in smaller vessels. The forecast period (2025-2033) projects a CAGR of xx%, reaching an estimated USD xx Million by 2033, indicating robust future growth. These trends indicate an evolving industry focused on advanced technology, specialized applications, and increasing global demand.

Key Markets & Segments Leading Torpedo Industry
Dominant Region: North America currently holds the largest market share, driven by substantial defense spending and technological advancements. Europe follows closely, with significant investments in naval modernization. Asia-Pacific is projected to witness the fastest growth due to increased geopolitical tensions and modernization of naval forces in countries like India and China.
Dominant Segment: Heavyweight torpedoes dominate the market due to their superior range and destructive power, essential for targeting larger submarines. However, lightweight torpedoes are gaining traction due to their adaptability for smaller platforms and cost-effectiveness.
Launch Platform: Sea-launched torpedoes currently constitute the largest segment, due to their wide deployment on surface ships and submarines. Air-launched and underwater-launched torpedoes are expected to witness growth, driven by the development of specialized platforms and deployment strategies.
Drivers for Regional Dominance:
- North America: High defense budgets, technological leadership, and strong domestic naval forces.
- Europe: Significant investments in naval modernization programs across various nations.
- Asia-Pacific: Increasing geopolitical tensions and naval modernization efforts by several countries.
Torpedo Industry Product Developments
Recent product innovations focus on enhancing the range, precision, and effectiveness of torpedoes. This includes advancements in propulsion systems (e.g., electric, hybrid), improved guidance and navigation systems using advanced sensors (e.g., sonar, inertial), and development of more effective warheads. The integration of autonomous capabilities and improved countermeasure systems are also shaping the competitive landscape, offering manufacturers significant competitive edges through enhanced capabilities and improved performance.
Challenges in the Torpedo Industry Market
The torpedo industry faces several key challenges, including: stringent regulatory approvals and export controls, impacting access to specific markets; disruptions in the global supply chain, leading to increased production costs and delays; and intense competition from established and emerging players, requiring continual technological innovation to maintain market share. These factors collectively impact profitability and market expansion.
Forces Driving Torpedo Industry Growth
Several factors drive growth in the torpedo industry. Technological advancements in propulsion, guidance, and warhead technology are increasing the effectiveness and range of torpedoes. Growing global defense spending, particularly in regions with heightened geopolitical tensions, creates significant demand. Furthermore, the need for effective anti-submarine warfare (ASW) capabilities is boosting demand, leading to investments in research and development and procurement of advanced torpedo systems.
Long-Term Growth Catalysts in Torpedo Industry
Long-term growth will be fueled by continued innovation in autonomous systems, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) for improved target acquisition, and the development of hybrid propulsion systems to extend range and operational capabilities. Strategic partnerships between manufacturers and naval forces will be crucial for co-development, technology transfer, and securing large-scale contracts. Expansion into new markets, especially in developing regions with growing naval forces, will further stimulate growth.
Emerging Opportunities in Torpedo Industry
Emerging opportunities lie in the development of specialized torpedoes for diverse applications. This includes advanced countermeasure systems to mitigate threats, improved homing capabilities for enhanced precision, and quieter propulsion systems for stealth operations. The integration of AI and machine learning will also be crucial in optimizing performance, reducing reliance on human operators, and providing predictive maintenance.
Leading Players in the Torpedo Industry Sector
- Bharat Dynamics Limited
- Raytheon Technologies Corporation
- Leonardo SpA
- Lockheed Martin Corporation
- Naval Group
- ASELSAN AS
- JSC Tactical Missiles Corporation
- thyssenkrupp AG
- BAE Systems PLC
- Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Lt
- Northrop Grumman Corporation
- Saab AB
Key Milestones in Torpedo Industry Industry
- October 2021: The Indian Defence Ministry signed a USD 56.38 Million contract with the US government for MK 54 torpedoes and related expendables. This significantly boosted the market for US-made torpedoes and highlighted the growing demand in the Asia-Pacific region.
- October 2021: Thales Australia secured a USD 14.5 Million contract for the maintenance of the Royal Australian Navy's MU90 lightweight torpedoes, emphasizing the importance of ongoing maintenance and support services in the torpedo market.
Strategic Outlook for Torpedo Industry Market
The future of the torpedo industry is bright, with strong growth projected over the forecast period. Strategic opportunities lie in focusing on advanced technologies, building strong partnerships with defense forces, and expanding into new and emerging markets. Companies that successfully navigate the regulatory landscape and address supply chain challenges while investing in innovation will be well-positioned to capture significant market share and drive future growth within this critical defense sector.
Torpedo Industry Segmentation
-
1. Weight
- 1.1. Heavyweight Torpedoes
- 1.2. Lightweight Torpedoes
-
2. Launch Platform
-
2.1. Sea-launched
- 2.1.1. Surface-launched
- 2.1.2. Underwater-launched
- 2.2. Air-launched
-
2.1. Sea-launched
Torpedo Industry Segmentation By Geography
- 1. North America
- 2. Europe
- 3. Asia Pacific
- 4. Rest of the World

Torpedo Industry REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
Aspects | Details |
---|---|
Study Period | 2019-2033 |
Base Year | 2024 |
Estimated Year | 2025 |
Forecast Period | 2025-2033 |
Historical Period | 2019-2024 |
Growth Rate | CAGR of > 4.00% from 2019-2033 |
Segmentation |
|
Table of Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Research Scope
- 1.2. Market Segmentation
- 1.3. Research Methodology
- 1.4. Definitions and Assumptions
- 2. Executive Summary
- 2.1. Introduction
- 3. Market Dynamics
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Market Drivers
- 3.3. Market Restrains
- 3.4. Market Trends
- 3.4.1. The Sea-launched Segment Accounted for the Largest Share in the Market in 2021
- 4. Market Factor Analysis
- 4.1. Porters Five Forces
- 4.2. Supply/Value Chain
- 4.3. PESTEL analysis
- 4.4. Market Entropy
- 4.5. Patent/Trademark Analysis
- 5. Global Torpedo Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Weight
- 5.1.1. Heavyweight Torpedoes
- 5.1.2. Lightweight Torpedoes
- 5.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Launch Platform
- 5.2.1. Sea-launched
- 5.2.1.1. Surface-launched
- 5.2.1.2. Underwater-launched
- 5.2.2. Air-launched
- 5.2.1. Sea-launched
- 5.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Region
- 5.3.1. North America
- 5.3.2. Europe
- 5.3.3. Asia Pacific
- 5.3.4. Rest of the World
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Weight
- 6. North America Torpedo Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Weight
- 6.1.1. Heavyweight Torpedoes
- 6.1.2. Lightweight Torpedoes
- 6.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Launch Platform
- 6.2.1. Sea-launched
- 6.2.1.1. Surface-launched
- 6.2.1.2. Underwater-launched
- 6.2.2. Air-launched
- 6.2.1. Sea-launched
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Weight
- 7. Europe Torpedo Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Weight
- 7.1.1. Heavyweight Torpedoes
- 7.1.2. Lightweight Torpedoes
- 7.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Launch Platform
- 7.2.1. Sea-launched
- 7.2.1.1. Surface-launched
- 7.2.1.2. Underwater-launched
- 7.2.2. Air-launched
- 7.2.1. Sea-launched
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Weight
- 8. Asia Pacific Torpedo Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Weight
- 8.1.1. Heavyweight Torpedoes
- 8.1.2. Lightweight Torpedoes
- 8.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Launch Platform
- 8.2.1. Sea-launched
- 8.2.1.1. Surface-launched
- 8.2.1.2. Underwater-launched
- 8.2.2. Air-launched
- 8.2.1. Sea-launched
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Weight
- 9. Rest of the World Torpedo Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 9.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Weight
- 9.1.1. Heavyweight Torpedoes
- 9.1.2. Lightweight Torpedoes
- 9.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Launch Platform
- 9.2.1. Sea-launched
- 9.2.1.1. Surface-launched
- 9.2.1.2. Underwater-launched
- 9.2.2. Air-launched
- 9.2.1. Sea-launched
- 9.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Weight
- 10. North America Torpedo Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 10.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 10.1.1.
- 11. Europe Torpedo Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 11.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 11.1.1.
- 12. Asia Pacific Torpedo Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 12.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 12.1.1.
- 13. Rest of the World Torpedo Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 13.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 13.1.1.
- 14. Competitive Analysis
- 14.1. Global Market Share Analysis 2024
- 14.2. Company Profiles
- 14.2.1 Bharat Dynamics Limited
- 14.2.1.1. Overview
- 14.2.1.2. Products
- 14.2.1.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.1.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.1.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.2 Raytheon Technologies Corporation
- 14.2.2.1. Overview
- 14.2.2.2. Products
- 14.2.2.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.2.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.2.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.3 Leonardo SpA
- 14.2.3.1. Overview
- 14.2.3.2. Products
- 14.2.3.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.3.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.3.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.4 Lockheed Martin Corporation
- 14.2.4.1. Overview
- 14.2.4.2. Products
- 14.2.4.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.4.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.4.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.5 Naval Group
- 14.2.5.1. Overview
- 14.2.5.2. Products
- 14.2.5.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.5.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.5.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.6 ASELSAN AS
- 14.2.6.1. Overview
- 14.2.6.2. Products
- 14.2.6.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.6.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.6.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.7 JSC Tactical Missiles Corporation
- 14.2.7.1. Overview
- 14.2.7.2. Products
- 14.2.7.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.7.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.7.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.8 thyssenkrupp AG
- 14.2.8.1. Overview
- 14.2.8.2. Products
- 14.2.8.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.8.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.8.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.9 BAE Systems PLC
- 14.2.9.1. Overview
- 14.2.9.2. Products
- 14.2.9.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.9.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.9.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.10 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Lt
- 14.2.10.1. Overview
- 14.2.10.2. Products
- 14.2.10.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.10.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.10.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.11 Northrop Grumman Corporation
- 14.2.11.1. Overview
- 14.2.11.2. Products
- 14.2.11.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.11.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.11.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.12 Saab AB
- 14.2.12.1. Overview
- 14.2.12.2. Products
- 14.2.12.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.12.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.12.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.1 Bharat Dynamics Limited
List of Figures
- Figure 1: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Breakdown (Million, %) by Region 2024 & 2032
- Figure 2: North America Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 3: North America Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 4: Europe Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 5: Europe Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 6: Asia Pacific Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 7: Asia Pacific Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 8: Rest of the World Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 9: Rest of the World Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 10: North America Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Weight 2024 & 2032
- Figure 11: North America Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Weight 2024 & 2032
- Figure 12: North America Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Launch Platform 2024 & 2032
- Figure 13: North America Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Launch Platform 2024 & 2032
- Figure 14: North America Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 15: North America Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 16: Europe Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Weight 2024 & 2032
- Figure 17: Europe Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Weight 2024 & 2032
- Figure 18: Europe Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Launch Platform 2024 & 2032
- Figure 19: Europe Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Launch Platform 2024 & 2032
- Figure 20: Europe Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 21: Europe Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 22: Asia Pacific Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Weight 2024 & 2032
- Figure 23: Asia Pacific Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Weight 2024 & 2032
- Figure 24: Asia Pacific Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Launch Platform 2024 & 2032
- Figure 25: Asia Pacific Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Launch Platform 2024 & 2032
- Figure 26: Asia Pacific Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 27: Asia Pacific Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 28: Rest of the World Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Weight 2024 & 2032
- Figure 29: Rest of the World Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Weight 2024 & 2032
- Figure 30: Rest of the World Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Launch Platform 2024 & 2032
- Figure 31: Rest of the World Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Launch Platform 2024 & 2032
- Figure 32: Rest of the World Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 33: Rest of the World Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
List of Tables
- Table 1: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 2: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Weight 2019 & 2032
- Table 3: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Launch Platform 2019 & 2032
- Table 4: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 5: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 6: Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 7: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 8: Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 9: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 10: Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 11: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 12: Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 13: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Weight 2019 & 2032
- Table 14: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Launch Platform 2019 & 2032
- Table 15: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 16: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Weight 2019 & 2032
- Table 17: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Launch Platform 2019 & 2032
- Table 18: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 19: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Weight 2019 & 2032
- Table 20: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Launch Platform 2019 & 2032
- Table 21: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 22: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Weight 2019 & 2032
- Table 23: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Launch Platform 2019 & 2032
- Table 24: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of the Torpedo Industry?
The projected CAGR is approximately > 4.00%.
2. Which companies are prominent players in the Torpedo Industry?
Key companies in the market include Bharat Dynamics Limited, Raytheon Technologies Corporation, Leonardo SpA, Lockheed Martin Corporation, Naval Group, ASELSAN AS, JSC Tactical Missiles Corporation, thyssenkrupp AG, BAE Systems PLC, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Lt, Northrop Grumman Corporation, Saab AB.
3. What are the main segments of the Torpedo Industry?
The market segments include Weight, Launch Platform.
4. Can you provide details about the market size?
The market size is estimated to be USD XX Million as of 2022.
5. What are some drivers contributing to market growth?
N/A
6. What are the notable trends driving market growth?
The Sea-launched Segment Accounted for the Largest Share in the Market in 2021.
7. Are there any restraints impacting market growth?
N/A
8. Can you provide examples of recent developments in the market?
In October 2021, the Indian Defence Ministry signed a contract with the US government for the procurement of MK 54 torpedo as well as expendables such as chaff and flares for P-8I anti-submarine warfare aircraft of the Indian Navy. The contract was worth INR 423 crore (USD 56.38 million).
9. What pricing options are available for accessing the report?
Pricing options include single-user, multi-user, and enterprise licenses priced at USD 4750, USD 5250, and USD 8750 respectively.
10. Is the market size provided in terms of value or volume?
The market size is provided in terms of value, measured in Million.
11. Are there any specific market keywords associated with the report?
Yes, the market keyword associated with the report is "Torpedo Industry," which aids in identifying and referencing the specific market segment covered.
12. How do I determine which pricing option suits my needs best?
The pricing options vary based on user requirements and access needs. Individual users may opt for single-user licenses, while businesses requiring broader access may choose multi-user or enterprise licenses for cost-effective access to the report.
13. Are there any additional resources or data provided in the Torpedo Industry report?
While the report offers comprehensive insights, it's advisable to review the specific contents or supplementary materials provided to ascertain if additional resources or data are available.
14. How can I stay updated on further developments or reports in the Torpedo Industry?
To stay informed about further developments, trends, and reports in the Torpedo Industry, consider subscribing to industry newsletters, following relevant companies and organizations, or regularly checking reputable industry news sources and publications.
Methodology
Step 1 - Identification of Relevant Samples Size from Population Database



Step 2 - Approaches for Defining Global Market Size (Value, Volume* & Price*)

Note*: In applicable scenarios
Step 3 - Data Sources
Primary Research
- Web Analytics
- Survey Reports
- Research Institute
- Latest Research Reports
- Opinion Leaders
Secondary Research
- Annual Reports
- White Paper
- Latest Press Release
- Industry Association
- Paid Database
- Investor Presentations

Step 4 - Data Triangulation
Involves using different sources of information in order to increase the validity of a study
These sources are likely to be stakeholders in a program - participants, other researchers, program staff, other community members, and so on.
Then we put all data in single framework & apply various statistical tools to find out the dynamic on the market.
During the analysis stage, feedback from the stakeholder groups would be compared to determine areas of agreement as well as areas of divergence