Key Insights
The Asia-Pacific smart meter market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing energy efficiency concerns, government initiatives promoting smart grid infrastructure, and the rising adoption of smart homes and buildings. A compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 10.60% from 2019 to 2024 suggests a significant expansion, and this momentum is expected to continue throughout the forecast period (2025-2033). Key drivers include the need for improved energy management, reduced energy losses, and enhanced grid reliability. The rising adoption of smart electricity meters is leading the market, followed by smart gas and water meters. China, Japan, India, and South Korea are the major contributors to regional growth, fueled by expanding urbanization, rising disposable incomes, and supportive government policies. However, challenges such as high initial investment costs for infrastructure upgrades and the cybersecurity concerns associated with smart meter deployment could potentially restrain market expansion. The segmentation of the market by smart meter type (electricity, gas, water) and end-user (residential, commercial, industrial) provides valuable insights into specific market opportunities. Growth within the industrial sector is anticipated to be particularly strong due to increased efficiency demands and the potential for remote monitoring and control. Competition among leading players like Itron, Badger Meter, and others is intense, fostering innovation and driving down costs, which will further fuel market expansion.
The regional breakdown of the Asia-Pacific market reveals significant variations in growth trajectories across countries. China, with its massive population and ongoing infrastructure development, is projected to remain the dominant market. India, despite its lower per capita income, presents substantial growth potential given its expanding urban centers and rising energy demands. Japan and South Korea are expected to exhibit a steady growth rate due to their advanced infrastructure and focus on technological advancements in energy management. The success of smart meter adoption hinges on effective government support, continued technological innovation, and the development of robust cybersecurity measures to address potential vulnerabilities. The long-term outlook for the Asia-Pacific smart meter market remains highly optimistic, driven by the converging factors of economic growth, technological progress, and environmental sustainability. The market's future success will depend on its ability to address consumer concerns about data privacy and security, alongside its successful integration into wider smart city initiatives.

Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market: A Comprehensive Report (2019-2033)
This in-depth report provides a comprehensive analysis of the Asia Pacific smart meter market, covering the period from 2019 to 2033. It offers actionable insights into market dynamics, growth drivers, key players, and emerging opportunities, empowering stakeholders to make informed strategic decisions. The report leverages extensive data analysis and industry expertise to forecast market trends and highlight key areas for investment and expansion. With a focus on unit shipments (in Millions), this report is essential for anyone involved in the smart grid, energy management, and water utilities sectors.
Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Concentration & Dynamics
The Asia Pacific smart meter market exhibits a moderately concentrated landscape, with several key players holding significant market share. Market concentration is influenced by factors such as technological advancements, regulatory frameworks, and the intensity of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) activity. The innovation ecosystem is dynamic, with continuous advancements in smart meter technology driving competition. Regulatory frameworks vary across countries, impacting market entry and expansion strategies. Substitute products, such as traditional meters, pose a competitive challenge, although the adoption of smart meters is steadily growing due to their efficiency and data-driven benefits. End-user trends reveal a strong preference for smart meters in the residential sector, followed by commercial and industrial segments.
- Market Share: Itron Inc, Badger Meter Inc, and Honeywell (Elster Group) hold a combined xx% market share in 2025, indicating a consolidated segment.
- M&A Activity: The number of M&A deals in the Asia Pacific smart meter market increased by xx% between 2021 and 2024, driven by the need for technological upgrades and expansion.
- End-User Trends: Residential segment accounts for xx% of total market demand in 2025, exceeding commercial and industrial segments.
- Substitute Products: xx% of the market still utilizes traditional meters in 2025, posing a challenge to smart meter adoption.
Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Industry Insights & Trends
The Asia Pacific smart meter market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing urbanization, rising energy consumption, and government initiatives to improve grid infrastructure. Technological disruptions, such as the integration of advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) and the use of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, are accelerating market expansion. Evolving consumer behavior, such as a growing preference for energy efficiency and remote monitoring capabilities, are fueling demand for smart meters. The market size was valued at xx Million units in 2024 and is projected to reach xx Million units by 2033, exhibiting a CAGR of xx% during the forecast period (2025-2033). This growth is primarily attributed to factors such as government support for smart grid projects and the increasing adoption of smart meters in various end-use sectors. The widespread adoption of renewable energy sources is also contributing to the market’s growth.

Key Markets & Segments Leading Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market
China dominates the Asia Pacific smart meter market in terms of unit shipments, followed by India, Japan, and South Korea. This dominance is attributed to factors such as large populations, expanding infrastructure projects, and supportive government policies. The smart electricity meter segment holds the largest market share, driven by growing electricity demand and government initiatives to improve grid efficiency. The residential segment accounts for the majority of smart meter deployments.
- Drivers for China: Extensive government investments in smart grid modernization, rapid urbanization, and high electricity consumption.
- Drivers for India: Expanding power infrastructure, large-scale government initiatives for smart meter deployments (such as EESL’s program), and growing middle class increasing electricity consumption.
- Drivers for Japan: Advanced technological infrastructure, high energy efficiency standards, and a focus on reducing carbon emissions.
- Drivers for South Korea: Strong technological advancements, high energy prices, and government support for smart grid initiatives.
- Dominant Segment: The smart electricity meter segment holds the largest market share, accounting for xx% of total unit shipments in 2025. Residential end-users contribute xx% of total shipments in 2025.
Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Product Developments
Recent product innovations include advanced communication technologies (e.g., NB-IoT, LoRaWAN), enhanced data analytics capabilities, and improved security features. These advancements enable better grid management, reduced energy losses, and improved customer experience. The integration of smart meters with smart home ecosystems is gaining traction, further enhancing their market relevance and providing a competitive edge for manufacturers.
Challenges in the Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market
The Asia Pacific smart meter market faces challenges such as inconsistent regulatory frameworks across different countries, supply chain disruptions, and intense competition among established and emerging players. These factors can lead to delays in project implementation, increased costs, and market uncertainty. Furthermore, cybersecurity concerns and the need for skilled workforce for installation and maintenance present significant hurdles.
Forces Driving Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Growth
Technological advancements, supportive government policies promoting energy efficiency and smart grids, and increasing demand for advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) are key growth drivers. Economic factors, such as rising disposable incomes and increasing industrialization in several Asian economies, also contribute to market expansion. Regulatory mandates in various countries regarding smart meter deployment further accelerate market growth.
Long-Term Growth Catalysts in Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market
Long-term growth will be fueled by continuous innovation in smart meter technology, strategic partnerships between technology providers and utilities, and the expansion of smart meter deployments to less-penetrated regions within the Asia Pacific. The development and adoption of new communication protocols and data analytics solutions are also pivotal in driving sustained market growth.
Emerging Opportunities in Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market
Emerging opportunities exist in the deployment of smart meters in rural areas, the integration of smart meters with renewable energy sources, and the development of value-added services based on meter data. The increasing demand for advanced functionalities and data-driven insights creates significant potential for growth and innovation in the sector.
Leading Players in the Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Sector
- Itron Inc
- Badger Meter Inc
- Aichi Tokei Denki Co Ltd
- EDMI Limited
- Honeywell (Elster Group)
- Diehl Stiftung & Co KG
- Secure Meter Limited
- Iskraemeco India Private Limited
- Suntront Tech Co Ltd
- Xylem Inc (Sensus)
- Holley Metering Limited
Key Milestones in Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Industry
- August 2020: Genus Power Infrastructures Ltd. sold 1.5 Million smart meters to Energy Efficiency Services Ltd (EESL) in India, highlighting significant market adoption.
- June 2021: The Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) partnered with Hitachi Ltd. to enhance its power grid with smart grid technology, indicating growing investment in smart grid infrastructure.
Strategic Outlook for Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market
The Asia Pacific smart meter market is poised for significant growth, driven by technological advancements, government support, and increasing consumer demand for energy efficiency. Strategic opportunities exist for companies to invest in innovative technologies, expand their market presence in high-growth regions, and develop value-added services based on smart meter data. This creates a dynamic landscape conducive to expansion and innovation within the smart metering sector.
Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Segmentation
-
1. Smart Meter Type (Unit Shipments)
- 1.1. Smart Electricity Meter
- 1.2. Smart Gas Meter
- 1.3. Smart Water Meter
-
2. End User
- 2.1. Residential
- 2.2. Commercial
- 2.3. Industrial
Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Segmentation By Geography
-
1. Asia Pacific
- 1.1. China
- 1.2. Japan
- 1.3. South Korea
- 1.4. India
- 1.5. Australia
- 1.6. New Zealand
- 1.7. Indonesia
- 1.8. Malaysia
- 1.9. Singapore
- 1.10. Thailand
- 1.11. Vietnam
- 1.12. Philippines

Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
Aspects | Details |
---|---|
Study Period | 2019-2033 |
Base Year | 2024 |
Estimated Year | 2025 |
Forecast Period | 2025-2033 |
Historical Period | 2019-2024 |
Growth Rate | CAGR of 10.60% from 2019-2033 |
Segmentation |
|
Table of Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Research Scope
- 1.2. Market Segmentation
- 1.3. Research Methodology
- 1.4. Definitions and Assumptions
- 2. Executive Summary
- 2.1. Introduction
- 3. Market Dynamics
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Market Drivers
- 3.2.1. Increased Investments in Smart Grid Projects; Development of Communication Network Infrastructure; Government Initiatives
- 3.3. Market Restrains
- 3.3.1. Security Concern and Prevailing Pandemic Disrupt Supply Chain Activities
- 3.4. Market Trends
- 3.4.1. Smart Electricity Meters Market is Anticipated to Grow at the Robust Pace
- 4. Market Factor Analysis
- 4.1. Porters Five Forces
- 4.2. Supply/Value Chain
- 4.3. PESTEL analysis
- 4.4. Market Entropy
- 4.5. Patent/Trademark Analysis
- 5. Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Smart Meter Type (Unit Shipments)
- 5.1.1. Smart Electricity Meter
- 5.1.2. Smart Gas Meter
- 5.1.3. Smart Water Meter
- 5.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by End User
- 5.2.1. Residential
- 5.2.2. Commercial
- 5.2.3. Industrial
- 5.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Region
- 5.3.1. Asia Pacific
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Smart Meter Type (Unit Shipments)
- 6. China Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 7. Japan Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 8. India Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 9. South Korea Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 10. Taiwan Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 11. Australia Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 12. Rest of Asia-Pacific Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 13. Competitive Analysis
- 13.1. Market Share Analysis 2024
- 13.2. Company Profiles
- 13.2.1 Itron Inc
- 13.2.1.1. Overview
- 13.2.1.2. Products
- 13.2.1.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.1.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.1.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.2 Badger Meter Inc
- 13.2.2.1. Overview
- 13.2.2.2. Products
- 13.2.2.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.2.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.2.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.3 Aichi Tokei Denki Co Ltd
- 13.2.3.1. Overview
- 13.2.3.2. Products
- 13.2.3.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.3.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.3.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.4 EDMI Limited
- 13.2.4.1. Overview
- 13.2.4.2. Products
- 13.2.4.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.4.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.4.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.5 Honeywell (Elster Group)
- 13.2.5.1. Overview
- 13.2.5.2. Products
- 13.2.5.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.5.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.5.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.6 Diehl Stiftung & Co KG
- 13.2.6.1. Overview
- 13.2.6.2. Products
- 13.2.6.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.6.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.6.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.7 Secure Meter Limited
- 13.2.7.1. Overview
- 13.2.7.2. Products
- 13.2.7.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.7.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.7.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.8 Iskraemeco India Private Limited
- 13.2.8.1. Overview
- 13.2.8.2. Products
- 13.2.8.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.8.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.8.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.9 Suntront Tech Co Ltd
- 13.2.9.1. Overview
- 13.2.9.2. Products
- 13.2.9.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.9.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.9.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.10 Xylem Inc (Sensus)
- 13.2.10.1. Overview
- 13.2.10.2. Products
- 13.2.10.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.10.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.10.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.11 Holley Metering Limited
- 13.2.11.1. Overview
- 13.2.11.2. Products
- 13.2.11.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.11.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.11.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.1 Itron Inc
List of Figures
- Figure 1: Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue Breakdown (Million, %) by Product 2024 & 2032
- Figure 2: Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Share (%) by Company 2024
List of Tables
- Table 1: Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 2: Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 3: Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Smart Meter Type (Unit Shipments) 2019 & 2032
- Table 4: Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by Smart Meter Type (Unit Shipments) 2019 & 2032
- Table 5: Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue Million Forecast, by End User 2019 & 2032
- Table 6: Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by End User 2019 & 2032
- Table 7: Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 8: Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 9: Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 10: Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 11: China Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 12: China Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 13: Japan Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 14: Japan Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 15: India Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 16: India Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 17: South Korea Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 18: South Korea Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 19: Taiwan Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 20: Taiwan Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 21: Australia Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 22: Australia Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 23: Rest of Asia-Pacific Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 24: Rest of Asia-Pacific Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 25: Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Smart Meter Type (Unit Shipments) 2019 & 2032
- Table 26: Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by Smart Meter Type (Unit Shipments) 2019 & 2032
- Table 27: Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue Million Forecast, by End User 2019 & 2032
- Table 28: Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by End User 2019 & 2032
- Table 29: Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 30: Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 31: China Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 32: China Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 33: Japan Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 34: Japan Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 35: South Korea Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 36: South Korea Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 37: India Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 38: India Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 39: Australia Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 40: Australia Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 41: New Zealand Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 42: New Zealand Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 43: Indonesia Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 44: Indonesia Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 45: Malaysia Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 46: Malaysia Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 47: Singapore Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 48: Singapore Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 49: Thailand Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 50: Thailand Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 51: Vietnam Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 52: Vietnam Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 53: Philippines Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 54: Philippines Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of the Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market?
The projected CAGR is approximately 10.60%.
2. Which companies are prominent players in the Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market?
Key companies in the market include Itron Inc, Badger Meter Inc, Aichi Tokei Denki Co Ltd, EDMI Limited, Honeywell (Elster Group), Diehl Stiftung & Co KG, Secure Meter Limited, Iskraemeco India Private Limited, Suntront Tech Co Ltd, Xylem Inc (Sensus), Holley Metering Limited.
3. What are the main segments of the Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market?
The market segments include Smart Meter Type (Unit Shipments), End User.
4. Can you provide details about the market size?
The market size is estimated to be USD XX Million as of 2022.
5. What are some drivers contributing to market growth?
Increased Investments in Smart Grid Projects; Development of Communication Network Infrastructure; Government Initiatives.
6. What are the notable trends driving market growth?
Smart Electricity Meters Market is Anticipated to Grow at the Robust Pace.
7. Are there any restraints impacting market growth?
Security Concern and Prevailing Pandemic Disrupt Supply Chain Activities.
8. Can you provide examples of recent developments in the market?
June 2021 - The Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) announced that it will work with Hitachi Ltd. to improve the supply and demand balance on Thailand's power grid. Hitachi, Ltd, as the system vendor, is scheduled to deliver the project, which will include efforts to build a smart grid system that can improve rising renewables penetration, as well as a demand response system built by Chulalongkorn University.
9. What pricing options are available for accessing the report?
Pricing options include single-user, multi-user, and enterprise licenses priced at USD 4750, USD 4950, and USD 6800 respectively.
10. Is the market size provided in terms of value or volume?
The market size is provided in terms of value, measured in Million and volume, measured in K Unit.
11. Are there any specific market keywords associated with the report?
Yes, the market keyword associated with the report is "Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market," which aids in identifying and referencing the specific market segment covered.
12. How do I determine which pricing option suits my needs best?
The pricing options vary based on user requirements and access needs. Individual users may opt for single-user licenses, while businesses requiring broader access may choose multi-user or enterprise licenses for cost-effective access to the report.
13. Are there any additional resources or data provided in the Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market report?
While the report offers comprehensive insights, it's advisable to review the specific contents or supplementary materials provided to ascertain if additional resources or data are available.
14. How can I stay updated on further developments or reports in the Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market?
To stay informed about further developments, trends, and reports in the Asia Pacific Smart Meter Market, consider subscribing to industry newsletters, following relevant companies and organizations, or regularly checking reputable industry news sources and publications.
Methodology
Step 1 - Identification of Relevant Samples Size from Population Database



Step 2 - Approaches for Defining Global Market Size (Value, Volume* & Price*)

Note*: In applicable scenarios
Step 3 - Data Sources
Primary Research
- Web Analytics
- Survey Reports
- Research Institute
- Latest Research Reports
- Opinion Leaders
Secondary Research
- Annual Reports
- White Paper
- Latest Press Release
- Industry Association
- Paid Database
- Investor Presentations

Step 4 - Data Triangulation
Involves using different sources of information in order to increase the validity of a study
These sources are likely to be stakeholders in a program - participants, other researchers, program staff, other community members, and so on.
Then we put all data in single framework & apply various statistical tools to find out the dynamic on the market.
During the analysis stage, feedback from the stakeholder groups would be compared to determine areas of agreement as well as areas of divergence