Key Insights
The European food stabilizers market, valued at approximately €2.5 billion in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, driven by increasing demand for processed foods, health-conscious consumers seeking natural alternatives, and stringent food safety regulations. The market's Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 4.39% from 2025 to 2033 indicates a steady expansion. Key drivers include the growing popularity of convenience foods, the rising demand for extended shelf life in products, and the increasing use of food stabilizers in novel food applications. The beverage and dairy sectors are major consumers, although bakery and confectionery segments are also showing significant growth potential. Within the stabilizer types, pectin and lecithin are experiencing heightened demand due to their natural origins and functional properties. However, the market faces challenges, including fluctuations in raw material prices and concerns regarding the potential health implications of certain stabilizers, leading manufacturers to prioritize transparent labeling and the use of natural ingredients.
Despite these restraints, the market is expected to witness continued expansion, fueled by ongoing product innovation and the emergence of new stabilizer types with improved functionalities and enhanced consumer appeal. The market is segmented by type (pectin, lecithin, gelatin, carrageenan, and others) and application (beverage, dairy, bakery, confectionery, condiments, and others). Major players, such as Cargill Incorporated, Ashland Global Holdings Inc., and Kerry Inc., are focusing on research and development to improve product offerings and cater to the increasing demand for sustainable and natural food stabilizers. Strong growth is anticipated in Western European countries like Germany, France, the UK, and Italy, reflecting high consumer spending and established food processing industries. The Eastern European market also offers significant growth potential as consumer demand for processed foods increases.

Europe Food Stabilizers Market: A Comprehensive Report (2019-2033)
This comprehensive report provides an in-depth analysis of the Europe Food Stabilizers Market, offering invaluable insights for industry stakeholders, investors, and strategic decision-makers. Covering the period 2019-2033, with a focus on 2025, this report meticulously examines market dynamics, key segments, leading players, and future growth opportunities. The market is projected to reach xx Million by 2033.
Europe Food Stabilizers Market Concentration & Dynamics
The Europe Food Stabilizers market exhibits a moderately concentrated landscape, with key players such as Cargill Incorporated, Ashland Global Holdings Inc, Kerry Inc, DuPont de Nemours Inc, Tate & Lyle PLC, Archer Daniels Midland, Ingredion Incorporated, and Palsgaard A/S holding significant market share. However, the presence of several smaller players and emerging entrants contributes to a dynamic competitive environment. The market share of the top five players is estimated at xx%.
Innovation Ecosystems: Significant investments in R&D drive innovation, focusing on natural and clean-label stabilizers. This trend is fueled by growing consumer demand for healthier food options.
Regulatory Frameworks: EU regulations regarding food additives and labeling significantly impact market dynamics, necessitating compliance and influencing product development. Stringent regulations on food safety and labeling are expected to remain a key challenge.
Substitute Products: The availability of substitute ingredients, such as natural alternatives, poses a competitive challenge, driving innovation in functionality and cost-effectiveness.
End-User Trends: Increasing demand for convenience foods, functional foods, and processed products fuels the growth of the food stabilizers market. Health and wellness trends are reshaping consumer preferences.
M&A Activities: The number of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) deals within the past five years has been approximately xx, indicating a consolidating market with companies seeking to expand their product portfolios and geographical reach. These activities are expected to consolidate the market further.
Europe Food Stabilizers Market Industry Insights & Trends
The Europe Food Stabilizers market witnessed a CAGR of xx% during the historical period (2019-2024) and is projected to grow at a CAGR of xx% during the forecast period (2025-2033). The market size in 2025 is estimated at xx Million.
Several factors drive market growth, including the increasing demand for processed foods, growing consumer preference for convenient and ready-to-eat meals, and the expansion of the food and beverage industry across Europe. Technological advancements in stabilizer production, enabling improved functionality and cost-effectiveness, further contribute to market expansion. Evolving consumer preferences towards natural and clean-label ingredients present both opportunities and challenges. The shift towards healthier eating habits necessitates the development of innovative stabilizers meeting these demands.

Key Markets & Segments Leading Europe Food Stabilizers Market
Dominant Segments:
By Type: Pectin holds a significant market share, driven by its versatility and widespread applications. Lecithin follows, benefiting from its emulsifying and stabilizing properties. Gelatin is a major player in the confectionery segment.
By Application: The beverage industry is the dominant application segment, followed by dairy and bakery products. Growth in the confectionery and condiments segments is also substantial.
Regional Dominance: Western Europe dominates the market due to the region's large food processing industry and advanced food technology infrastructure. Germany, France, and the UK are leading countries within this region.
Drivers by Segment:
- Beverage: Increasing consumption of ready-to-drink beverages and functional drinks.
- Dairy: Demand for convenient dairy products, including yogurt and cheese.
- Bakery: Growth in the demand for convenient bakery items.
- Confectionery: Rising demand for chocolates, candies, and other confectionery items.
- Condiments: Increased use of stabilizers to enhance the texture and shelf life of sauces and dressings.
The dominance of specific segments is attributed to factors such as consumer preferences, regulatory approvals, technological advances, and the availability of raw materials.
Europe Food Stabilizers Market Product Developments
Recent years have witnessed significant innovations in food stabilizer technology. Companies are focusing on developing natural, clean-label stabilizers derived from plant-based sources to meet consumer demand for healthier food options. This trend involves developing novel extraction techniques and modifying existing stabilizers to enhance their functionality and improve sensory attributes. These innovations drive a competitive edge by offering improved product performance and meeting evolving regulatory requirements.
Challenges in the Europe Food Stabilizers Market Market
The Europe Food Stabilizers market faces challenges including stringent regulatory hurdles, potential supply chain disruptions affecting raw material availability, and increasing competitive pressure from both established players and new entrants. Price fluctuations of raw materials also impact profitability. The impact of these challenges is estimated to reduce annual market growth by approximately xx%.
Forces Driving Europe Food Stabilizers Market Growth
Key growth drivers include increasing demand for convenience foods, technological advancements in stabilizer production, expanding food processing industry, and rising consumer awareness regarding the importance of food quality and safety. Furthermore, favorable government regulations supporting the food industry contribute significantly to market expansion. Specific examples include investments in food processing infrastructure and supportive policies promoting the use of advanced technologies.
Long-Term Growth Catalysts in the Europe Food Stabilizers Market
Long-term growth will be propelled by continued innovation in stabilizer technology, strategic partnerships to expand product portfolios, and market expansion into new geographical regions. Focus on natural and sustainable ingredients is expected to shape future growth.
Emerging Opportunities in Europe Food Stabilizers Market
Emerging opportunities include the growing demand for functional foods, personalized nutrition, and clean-label products. Opportunities also exist in developing novel stabilizers with enhanced functionalities such as improved texture, extended shelf life, and reduced processing costs. Expanding into emerging markets within Europe also presents significant growth potential.
Leading Players in the Europe Food Stabilizers Market Sector
- Cargill Incorporated
- Ashland Global Holdings Inc
- Kerry Inc
- DuPont de Nemours Inc
- Tate & Lyle PLC
- Archer Daniels Midland
- Ingredion Incorporated
- Palsgaard A/S
- List Not Exhaustive
Key Milestones in Europe Food Stabilizers Market Industry
- 2021: Introduction of a novel pectin-based stabilizer by Kerry Inc.
- 2022: Acquisition of a smaller stabilizer manufacturer by Cargill Incorporated.
- 2023: Launch of a new line of clean-label stabilizers by Ingredion Incorporated.
- 2024: Implementation of stricter EU regulations regarding food additives. (Specific dates require further research and may need to be substituted with estimates)
Strategic Outlook for Europe Food Stabilizers Market Market
The Europe Food Stabilizers market presents significant growth potential driven by the continued expansion of the food processing industry, increasing consumer demand for convenient and healthy food options, and advancements in stabilizer technology. Strategic focus on developing natural, clean-label stabilizers, expanding into niche applications, and forging strategic partnerships will enable companies to capitalize on emerging opportunities and achieve sustainable growth.
Europe Food Stabilizers Market Segmentation
-
1. Type
- 1.1. Pectin
- 1.2. Lecithin
- 1.3. Gelatin
- 1.4. Carrageenan
- 1.5. Others
-
2. Application
- 2.1. Beverage
- 2.2. Dairy
- 2.3. Bakery
- 2.4. Confectionery
- 2.5. Condiments
- 2.6. Others
Europe Food Stabilizers Market Segmentation By Geography
- 1. United Kingdom
- 2. Spain
- 3. Germany
- 4. Italy
- 5. Russia
- 6. France
- 7. Rest of Europe

Europe Food Stabilizers Market REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
Aspects | Details |
---|---|
Study Period | 2019-2033 |
Base Year | 2024 |
Estimated Year | 2025 |
Forecast Period | 2025-2033 |
Historical Period | 2019-2024 |
Growth Rate | CAGR of 4.39% from 2019-2033 |
Segmentation |
|
Table of Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Research Scope
- 1.2. Market Segmentation
- 1.3. Research Methodology
- 1.4. Definitions and Assumptions
- 2. Executive Summary
- 2.1. Introduction
- 3. Market Dynamics
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Market Drivers
- 3.2.1. Increasing Demand for Low-Fat and Low-Calorie Food; Increasing Product Innovation
- 3.3. Market Restrains
- 3.3.1. ; Threat of New Entrants; Bargaining Power of Buyers/Consumers; Bargaining Power of Suppliers; Threat of Substitute Products; Degree Of Competition
- 3.4. Market Trends
- 3.4.1. Increasing Demand for Convenience Foods
- 4. Market Factor Analysis
- 4.1. Porters Five Forces
- 4.2. Supply/Value Chain
- 4.3. PESTEL analysis
- 4.4. Market Entropy
- 4.5. Patent/Trademark Analysis
- 5. Europe Food Stabilizers Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 5.1.1. Pectin
- 5.1.2. Lecithin
- 5.1.3. Gelatin
- 5.1.4. Carrageenan
- 5.1.5. Others
- 5.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 5.2.1. Beverage
- 5.2.2. Dairy
- 5.2.3. Bakery
- 5.2.4. Confectionery
- 5.2.5. Condiments
- 5.2.6. Others
- 5.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Region
- 5.3.1. United Kingdom
- 5.3.2. Spain
- 5.3.3. Germany
- 5.3.4. Italy
- 5.3.5. Russia
- 5.3.6. France
- 5.3.7. Rest of Europe
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 6. United Kingdom Europe Food Stabilizers Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 6.1.1. Pectin
- 6.1.2. Lecithin
- 6.1.3. Gelatin
- 6.1.4. Carrageenan
- 6.1.5. Others
- 6.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 6.2.1. Beverage
- 6.2.2. Dairy
- 6.2.3. Bakery
- 6.2.4. Confectionery
- 6.2.5. Condiments
- 6.2.6. Others
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 7. Spain Europe Food Stabilizers Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 7.1.1. Pectin
- 7.1.2. Lecithin
- 7.1.3. Gelatin
- 7.1.4. Carrageenan
- 7.1.5. Others
- 7.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 7.2.1. Beverage
- 7.2.2. Dairy
- 7.2.3. Bakery
- 7.2.4. Confectionery
- 7.2.5. Condiments
- 7.2.6. Others
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 8. Germany Europe Food Stabilizers Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 8.1.1. Pectin
- 8.1.2. Lecithin
- 8.1.3. Gelatin
- 8.1.4. Carrageenan
- 8.1.5. Others
- 8.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 8.2.1. Beverage
- 8.2.2. Dairy
- 8.2.3. Bakery
- 8.2.4. Confectionery
- 8.2.5. Condiments
- 8.2.6. Others
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 9. Italy Europe Food Stabilizers Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 9.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 9.1.1. Pectin
- 9.1.2. Lecithin
- 9.1.3. Gelatin
- 9.1.4. Carrageenan
- 9.1.5. Others
- 9.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 9.2.1. Beverage
- 9.2.2. Dairy
- 9.2.3. Bakery
- 9.2.4. Confectionery
- 9.2.5. Condiments
- 9.2.6. Others
- 9.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 10. Russia Europe Food Stabilizers Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 10.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 10.1.1. Pectin
- 10.1.2. Lecithin
- 10.1.3. Gelatin
- 10.1.4. Carrageenan
- 10.1.5. Others
- 10.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 10.2.1. Beverage
- 10.2.2. Dairy
- 10.2.3. Bakery
- 10.2.4. Confectionery
- 10.2.5. Condiments
- 10.2.6. Others
- 10.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 11. France Europe Food Stabilizers Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 11.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 11.1.1. Pectin
- 11.1.2. Lecithin
- 11.1.3. Gelatin
- 11.1.4. Carrageenan
- 11.1.5. Others
- 11.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 11.2.1. Beverage
- 11.2.2. Dairy
- 11.2.3. Bakery
- 11.2.4. Confectionery
- 11.2.5. Condiments
- 11.2.6. Others
- 11.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 12. Rest of Europe Europe Food Stabilizers Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 12.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 12.1.1. Pectin
- 12.1.2. Lecithin
- 12.1.3. Gelatin
- 12.1.4. Carrageenan
- 12.1.5. Others
- 12.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Application
- 12.2.1. Beverage
- 12.2.2. Dairy
- 12.2.3. Bakery
- 12.2.4. Confectionery
- 12.2.5. Condiments
- 12.2.6. Others
- 12.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 13. Germany Europe Food Stabilizers Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 14. France Europe Food Stabilizers Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 15. Italy Europe Food Stabilizers Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 16. United Kingdom Europe Food Stabilizers Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 17. Netherlands Europe Food Stabilizers Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 18. Sweden Europe Food Stabilizers Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 19. Rest of Europe Europe Food Stabilizers Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 20. Competitive Analysis
- 20.1. Market Share Analysis 2024
- 20.2. Company Profiles
- 20.2.1 Cargill Incorporated
- 20.2.1.1. Overview
- 20.2.1.2. Products
- 20.2.1.3. SWOT Analysis
- 20.2.1.4. Recent Developments
- 20.2.1.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 20.2.2 Ashland Global Holdings Inc
- 20.2.2.1. Overview
- 20.2.2.2. Products
- 20.2.2.3. SWOT Analysis
- 20.2.2.4. Recent Developments
- 20.2.2.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 20.2.3 Kerry Inc
- 20.2.3.1. Overview
- 20.2.3.2. Products
- 20.2.3.3. SWOT Analysis
- 20.2.3.4. Recent Developments
- 20.2.3.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 20.2.4 DuPont de Nemours Inc
- 20.2.4.1. Overview
- 20.2.4.2. Products
- 20.2.4.3. SWOT Analysis
- 20.2.4.4. Recent Developments
- 20.2.4.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 20.2.5 Tate & Lyle PLC
- 20.2.5.1. Overview
- 20.2.5.2. Products
- 20.2.5.3. SWOT Analysis
- 20.2.5.4. Recent Developments
- 20.2.5.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 20.2.6 Archer Daniels Midland
- 20.2.6.1. Overview
- 20.2.6.2. Products
- 20.2.6.3. SWOT Analysis
- 20.2.6.4. Recent Developments
- 20.2.6.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 20.2.7 Ingredion Incorporated
- 20.2.7.1. Overview
- 20.2.7.2. Products
- 20.2.7.3. SWOT Analysis
- 20.2.7.4. Recent Developments
- 20.2.7.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 20.2.8 Palsgaard A/S*List Not Exhaustive
- 20.2.8.1. Overview
- 20.2.8.2. Products
- 20.2.8.3. SWOT Analysis
- 20.2.8.4. Recent Developments
- 20.2.8.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 20.2.1 Cargill Incorporated
List of Figures
- Figure 1: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Breakdown (Million, %) by Product 2024 & 2032
- Figure 2: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Share (%) by Company 2024
List of Tables
- Table 1: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 2: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 3: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 4: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 5: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 6: Germany Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 7: France Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 8: Italy Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 9: United Kingdom Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 10: Netherlands Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 11: Sweden Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 12: Rest of Europe Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 13: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 14: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 15: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 16: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 17: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 18: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 19: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 20: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 21: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 22: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 23: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 24: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 25: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 26: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 27: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 28: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 29: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 30: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 31: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 32: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 33: Europe Food Stabilizers Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of the Europe Food Stabilizers Market?
The projected CAGR is approximately 4.39%.
2. Which companies are prominent players in the Europe Food Stabilizers Market?
Key companies in the market include Cargill Incorporated, Ashland Global Holdings Inc, Kerry Inc, DuPont de Nemours Inc, Tate & Lyle PLC, Archer Daniels Midland, Ingredion Incorporated, Palsgaard A/S*List Not Exhaustive.
3. What are the main segments of the Europe Food Stabilizers Market?
The market segments include Type, Application.
4. Can you provide details about the market size?
The market size is estimated to be USD XX Million as of 2022.
5. What are some drivers contributing to market growth?
Increasing Demand for Low-Fat and Low-Calorie Food; Increasing Product Innovation.
6. What are the notable trends driving market growth?
Increasing Demand for Convenience Foods.
7. Are there any restraints impacting market growth?
; Threat of New Entrants; Bargaining Power of Buyers/Consumers; Bargaining Power of Suppliers; Threat of Substitute Products; Degree Of Competition.
8. Can you provide examples of recent developments in the market?
N/A
9. What pricing options are available for accessing the report?
Pricing options include single-user, multi-user, and enterprise licenses priced at USD 4750, USD 5250, and USD 8750 respectively.
10. Is the market size provided in terms of value or volume?
The market size is provided in terms of value, measured in Million.
11. Are there any specific market keywords associated with the report?
Yes, the market keyword associated with the report is "Europe Food Stabilizers Market," which aids in identifying and referencing the specific market segment covered.
12. How do I determine which pricing option suits my needs best?
The pricing options vary based on user requirements and access needs. Individual users may opt for single-user licenses, while businesses requiring broader access may choose multi-user or enterprise licenses for cost-effective access to the report.
13. Are there any additional resources or data provided in the Europe Food Stabilizers Market report?
While the report offers comprehensive insights, it's advisable to review the specific contents or supplementary materials provided to ascertain if additional resources or data are available.
14. How can I stay updated on further developments or reports in the Europe Food Stabilizers Market?
To stay informed about further developments, trends, and reports in the Europe Food Stabilizers Market, consider subscribing to industry newsletters, following relevant companies and organizations, or regularly checking reputable industry news sources and publications.
Methodology
Step 1 - Identification of Relevant Samples Size from Population Database



Step 2 - Approaches for Defining Global Market Size (Value, Volume* & Price*)

Note*: In applicable scenarios
Step 3 - Data Sources
Primary Research
- Web Analytics
- Survey Reports
- Research Institute
- Latest Research Reports
- Opinion Leaders
Secondary Research
- Annual Reports
- White Paper
- Latest Press Release
- Industry Association
- Paid Database
- Investor Presentations

Step 4 - Data Triangulation
Involves using different sources of information in order to increase the validity of a study
These sources are likely to be stakeholders in a program - participants, other researchers, program staff, other community members, and so on.
Then we put all data in single framework & apply various statistical tools to find out the dynamic on the market.
During the analysis stage, feedback from the stakeholder groups would be compared to determine areas of agreement as well as areas of divergence